Solubilizing of mineral, vegetable, and animal oils for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial purposes



Unite St e Patmt SOLUBILIZING 0F MINERAL, VEGETABLE, AND

ANIMAL OILS FOR COSMETIC, PHARMACEU- TICAL, AND INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES Irwin I; Lubowe, Scarsdale, N.Y. (667 Madison Ave., New York 21, N.Y.)

No Drawing. Filed Dec. 10, 1956, Ser. No. 627,112

6 Claims. (Cl. 252-364) The present invention relates to solubilizing of mineral, vegetable and animal oils in low molecular weight water miscible or water soluble alcohols, such as methyl, ethyl and isopropyl alcohol.

It has not been readily possible to prepare clear nonseparating solutions of high molecular weight vegetable or mineral oils with low molecular weight aliphatic alcohols.

Normally mixtures of low molecular weight alcohols and high molecular weight oils of mineral, vegetable or animal origin will readily separate, and if prepared as emulsions will have diminished pharmaceutical and therapeutic effectiveness, cosmetic consumer acceptance, industrial applicability and efficiency.

It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a novel solubilized mineral, vegetable and animal oil composition in which such oils will be dispersed in low molecular weight alcohols and which product may be used as a base for cosmetic preparations such as hair tonics, hand lotions, sun screening preparations, and aftershave lotions, as well as, facial astringents, anti-perspirant preparations, and anti-dandruff preparations.

Still further objects and advantages will appear in the more detailed description set forth below, it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by way of illustration and explanation only and not by way of limitation, since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

In accomplishing the above objects,- it has been found satisfactory to solubilize mixtures of low alcohols (1 to 3 carbon atoms) and oils (24 to 100 carbon atoms) in major proportion (50 to 100%) by addition of minor proportions of fatty alcohols having 10 to 24 carbon atoms.

The solubilizing combination is used as a solubilizing agent in a proportion less than the low alcohol (1 to 3 carbon atoms) and oil (24 to 100 carbon atoms).

The most satisfactory mixer or additive combinations are those which include saturated fatty alcohols having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms, and desirably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms. 7, 7

These high molecular weight fatty alcohols may be used singly or in' combination, and should preferably constitute 50 to 100% of the additive combination and between to 20% of the final combination containing the mineral, animal or vegetable oil and the low molecular weight water soluble fatty alcohol. These combinations are utilized in non-aqueous compositions.

In mixing to form water clear non-cloudy permanent liquid mixture for storageandshipment, the amount of water present should always be keptless than and if possible less than 1% or 1% since most effective permanent mixtures are obtained without separation in the absence of water.

Although unsaturated fatty alcohols are preferred, it is also possible to utilize saturated fatty alcohols or even hydroxylated fatty alcohols as for example in amounts from 10% to 25% of the saturated fatty alcohol by itself or in the mixer combination.

The preferred amount of fatty alcohols is 20% oflthe total mixture.

Among the fatty alcohols which may be used are the following:

Lauryl alcohol Myristyl alcohol Oleyl alcohol Stearyl alcohol Palmityl alcohol Cetyl alcohol Linoleyl alcohol Linolenyl alcohol Ricinoleyl alcohol Arachadecyl alcohol a a mixture of a major proportion of an animal, mineral or vegetable oil and a low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol in the presence of 5 to 20% of one of the following miscibility inducing combinations:

In general the above solubilizing combinations may include low molecular weight aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and methyl.

It is usually desirable to use combinations of 2 to 3 of the fatty alcohols having 14 to 24 carbons, in an amount ranging from 5 to 15% of the oil and low alcohol mixture.

Cetyl, palmityl, myristyl, lauryl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, stearyl, decyl, ricinoleyl, behenyl, arachindyl and erucyl fatty alcohols may be substitluted in or added to Examples A to E.

Preferably the solubilized combination contains from 20 to 50% of the animal, vegetable or mineral'oils, and

fattyalcohol (12 to 24 carbon atoms).

3 a The resultant compound contains from 20 to 50% of a low molecular weight water soluble aliphatic alcohol, such as ethyl or isopropyl alcohol. Methyl alcohol may be used in industrial products, instead of ethyl or isopropyl alcohol.

Among the other fatty alcohol combinations which may be used are the following:

Examples F G H I Decy 5 5 1% 5 70 60 20 25 25 30 40 2 15 30 Stearyl 20 2 1 40 (all parts by weight) peach kernel oil, safiiower oil, tung oil, avocado oil,

linseed oil, pine oil, olive oil, wheat germ oil, tallow oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, rosin oil, and peanut oil may also be employed.

Animal oils which may be used are lanolin, Neats foot oil, Whale oil, bone oil, sperm oil, codliver oil and the like.

To give specific examples:

EXAMPLE I Parts by weight Light petrolatum oil 20 to 60 Alcohol ethyl or isopropyl 40 Solubilizing combination EXAMPLE II Cottonseed oil 20 to 40 Alcohol ethyl or isopropyl 40 Solubilizing combination EXAMPLE I11 Sesame oil 40 Alcohol ethyl or isopropyl 40 Solubilizing combination l0 EXAMPLE IV Neats foot oil to 50 Ethyl alcohol 20 to 50 Solubilizing combination 10 to 20 The products produced are stable, clear, translucent solubilized oil.

The solubilizing combinations are selected from Examples A to E.

The above compositions may be used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, polishes, abrasive and bufiing suspensions, paints and waxes, dry cleaning compounds, hydraulic fluids, degreasing compounds, insecticides, weed killers and special lubricants.

To give some additional examples:

4 EXAMPLE VII Oleyl alcohol 15 Mineral oil 15 Peanut oil 50 Isopropyl alcohol 40 The above compositions are particularly useful in cosmetics in that they will be highly stable over a wide range of temperatures for long periods of time without separation.

All the compositions are miscible with methyl, ethyl or isopropyl alcohol in any proportions.

The freezing point of the composition is depressed and better lubricating properties are obtained in machinery bearings, as well as in cutting oil used in metal working industries.

It is possible to include amounts of essential oil in the range from 2 to 20% in the above compositions.

EXAMPLE VIII To give an example of a sun-screening compound:

Parts by weight Digalloyl oleate 5 Isopropyl alcohol 15 Myristyl alcohol 15 Light petrolatum 40 Ethyl alcohol 30 EXAMPLE IX Silicone hand lotion Low viscosity silicone oil, 1,000 cs. 15 Neats foot oil 15 Isopropyl alcohol 40 Lauryl alcohol 10 EXAMPLE X Hair spray Isopropyl ester of lanolin 10 Isopropyl alcohol 20 Silicone oil viscosity 1,000 cs. 10 Polyvinyl pyrrolidine 10 Oleyl alcohol 5 Freon- 25 Dichloro tetra fiuoro ethane EXAMPLE XI Insecticide solution Mineral oil (light) 30 Isopropyl alcohol 30 Lauryl alcohol 10 2-4 hexandiol 5 Insecticide (dimethyl phthalate) 5 EXAMPLE XII Anti-seborrheic hair lotion Parts by weight Estrogenic hormone Isopropyl ester of lanolin 30 Palmitic alcohol 10 Ethyl alcohol 50 Acetyl methionine 5 Genite (2-4 diphenyl ester benzene sulfonic acid) 5 EXAMPLE XIII Anti-perspirant Aluminum sulfate 25 Sesame oil 20 Oleyl alcohol 10 Hexachlorophene 2. Ethyl alcohol 45 Glycerol 5 EXAMPLE XIV A fter-shave lotion Peanut oil Oleyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol 7 i EXAMPLE XV Hair Lacquer Silicone oil (alcohol soluble) Isopropyl lanolin Protein hydrolysates Polyvinyl pyrollidine Oleyl alcohol Freon EXAMPLE XVI Permanent waving solution Thioglycollic acid Ammonium thioglycollate Olive oil Lauryl alcohol EXAMPLE XVII Solid cologne Sodium stearate Zinc' sulfocarbolate Sesame oil Lauryl alcohol Myristyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol EXAMPLE XVIII Transparent soap Sodium stearate Peanut oil Cetyl alcohol Lauryl alcohol Ethyl alcohol EXAMPLE XIX Scalp stimulating lotion Resorcinol mono-acetate Tincture of capsicum Zinc phenol sulfonate Cottonseed oil Lauryl alcohol Ethyl alcohol Salicylic acid Peanut oil Isopropyl alcohol Lauryl alcohol Myristyl alcohol EXAMPLE XXI Solubilized olive oil composition Olive oil Isopropyl alcohol Lauryl alcohol Myristyl alcohol 6 EXAMPLE XXII Solubilized peanut oil composition Peanut oil 20 Isopropyl alcohol 60 Lauryl alcohol 10 Methyl alcohol 3 Where lauryl and myristyl' compounds are used to gether as high molecular weight fatty alcohols, the proportion of lauryl should be 2 to 4 times the proportion of myristyl alcohol.

It is apparent that many variations may be made in the formulae.

In the examples above set forth, the specific ingredients described may be widely varied.

To summarize the present invention, it provides novel Water clear, non-aqueous mineral, vegetable and animal oils dissolved in low molecular weight alcohols and solubilized by light molecular Weight fatty alcohols, will be highly effective in silicone protective lotions to give effective cutaneous protection against soaps, detergents, alkalies, sensitizers, solvents, plasticizers and allergens as well as in various aerosol preparations which are used in the cosmetic field, as, for example, for hair and nail lacquers and which will be useful for the dispersion of cutting oils, drying oils, solvent oils, insect repellants, insecticides, and pigments in the paint industry.

It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a novel solubilized mineral, vegetable and animal oil composition in which such oils will be dispersed in low molecule Weight alcohols and which may be the product used as a base for cosmetic preparations such as hair touics, hand lotions, sunscreening preparations, and after-shave lotions, as well as facial astringents, antiperspirant preparations, and anti-dandruff preparations.

In the hair lotion preparations, there may be added lanolin derivatives, antiseptic rubefacients, estrogenic hormones, methyl sulfoXide, dithiocarbamates;methoxy chloracetic acid, solubilizedamino acids.

In the anti-perspirant preparations,there may be added aluminum, zinc, or zirconium salts, and deodorants as hexachlorophene and silicones.

In the silicone protective preparations, there may be added soluble silicones, lanolin derivatives, and antiseptics.

In the after-shaving lotions, there may be added antiseptics, astringents, as aluminum, zinc or zirconiumv In the anti-dandruif lotions, there maybe added sulfur, resorcinol, salicylates, organic sulfides, dithiocarbamates, oXy-acetamides, and oXy-acetic acids.

In the hair lacquer preparations, there may be added silicones, casein, protein hydrolysates and lanolin derivatives.

In the permanent waving solutions, there may be added the thioglycollic derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidine and casein or protein hydrolysates.

These added components will not effect the solubilizing eifect of the above high molecular weight fatty alcohols.

Normally mixtures of low molecular Weight alcohols and high molecular Weight oils of mineral, vegetable or animal origin with 5 to 15% of the above fatty alcohols will not separate, and will have high pharmaceutical and therapeutic effectiveness, cosmetic consumer acceptance, industrial applicability and efliciency.

Surprisingly high molecular Weight fatty alcohols containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms result in solu'bilizing of mineral oils and vegetable oils on the one hand in ethyl 7 and isopropyl alcohol and on the other hand in a manner, which remarkably is not-achieved when the corresponding fatty acid is used by itself in the same amounts or in combination with thefatty alcohol. i -To-illustrate this point, a the -following combinations were made up in parts by weight: g 3

In connection with the above composition, composition XXIII immediately tends to produce a cloudiness and precipitation and separation of the oil and-alcohol.

Composition XXIV initially tends to be clear but upon standing or shelving develops cloudiness which slowly increases with time and gives a. precipitation- Compositions XXVI and XXVII also tend to cloud withtirne and give a precipitation, although the development of cloudiness and'the precipitation ismuch slower than in case of composition XXIV.

Howeyer, with composition XXIII,- the separation and cloudiness takes place immediately, whereas. with .corn position XXIV there is "considerable development of cloudiness and precipitation within 12 to 24 Weeks While "weight aliphatic alcohol and5-20% ular weight fatty alcohol, said percentages being: by

8 h plications Serial Numberi' 349,311, filed April 16, 1953, now abandoned and ber 28, 1954, now abandoned. i Having nowparticularly described and a'scertainedvthe nature of the invention; and 'in'what' manner the same is "to beperrermedgwnat is claimed is:

1. A clear, non-aqueous solubilized liquid composition consisting of a low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon-atoms and an oil containing 24 to I00 carbon atoms, normally immiscible in said low molecular'weight aliphatic alcohol, and said oil and alcohol being made miscibleand solubilizedin each other by a high molecular weightfatty alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon" atoms, said 'solubilized composition consisting essentially of -50% of the 'oil, 20-50% of the low molecular of- I the high molecweight.

in compositions XXVI and XXVIIa similar develop:

ment of cloudiness and precipitation, as is true of composition XXIV,.would take about three to four weeks longer.

On the other hand, compositionXXV remainsbright and clear with a shelf life of twelve monthsjand longer,

- without any appearance of cloudiness or precipitation and it would appear from the experiments being carried, on.

that either under winter or summer conditions the composition XXV remains clear and soluble indefinitely.

It has been found that sudden changes in temperature tend to catalyze the development of cloudiness, separation and precipitation in compositions XXIV, XXVI and XXVII whereas with composition XXV such catalyzing effect is altogether absent.

Upon substituting oleic and ricinoleic acid for lauric and myristic acid, the same result was observed in respect to cloudiness and precipitation after several weeks of standing, particularly under sudden changes of temperature.

It appears that the cloudiness and precipitation is due to the carboxyl group, which tends to activate any small quantities of water which might be present or become adsorbed upon storage.

Initially the corresponding high molecular weight fatty acids appear to give miscibility but such miscibility is not permanent.

IVhile there has been herein described a preferred form of the invention, it should be understood that the same may be altered in details and in relative arrangemnt of parts within the scope of the appended claims.

The present application is a continuation-in-part of ap- 2. The composition of claim 1, in which the low molec- Serial Number 465,443, filed Octoular weight aliphatic alcohol is selected fromthe group consistingof methyl alcohohethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol and in which the high molecular weight aliphatic alcohol hasfrom 12 to 24 carbon atoms and constitutes i i 5% .to 20% of the solubilized composition.

3. The composition of claim 1, in which the high molecular weight fatty alcohol consistsof a mixture of lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol and constitutes between 10% i i to20% of the solubilized composition with the balance consistingpf equal parts of an oil selected frornthc group. p

consisting of animal, vegetable and mineral oils and an alcohol selectedfrom the group consisting of methyl, ethyl and isopropyl alcoholpthe; proportion of lauryl alcohol:

beingZ to 4 times the proportion of myristyl alcohol.

4. lajclear non-aqueous solubilized liquid composition consisting of a low m containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms and an oil containing 24 to 100 carbonatoms, normally immiscible in said low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol, and said oiland 31- cohol being made miscible and solubilized in each other by inclusion of a minor proportion of a high molecular weight aliphatic alcohol having '12 to 24 carbon atoms, said solubilized composition consisting essentially of 20 to. 50%"of mineraloil, 20 to 50% ofethyl alcohol and 5-20% ofthe high molecular weight fatty alcohol, said percentages'being by Weight. i

5. A clear, non-aqueous solubilized liquid composition consisting of ethyl alcohol and petrolatum oil in equal parts constituting about -90% of the composition which have been solubilized in each other by 5 to 20% of a high molecular weight aliphaticalcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.

ular weight aliphatic alcohol is included in an amount ranging between 10% and 20%.

Bennett: The Chemical Formulary, vol. IX, p. 104 and vol. X,p. 63. Chem. Pub. Co., Brooklyn, N.Y., 1951 and 1957.

olecular weightaliph'atic alcohol 6. The compo sition of claim 5 in which the high molec- 

1. A CLEAR, NON-AQUEOUS SOLUBILIZED LIQUID COMPOSITION CONSISTING OF A LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL HAVING 1 TO 3 CARBON ATOMS AND AN OIL CONTAINING 24 TO 100 CARBON ATOMS, NORMALLY IMMISCIBLE IN SAID LOWR MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL, AND SAID OIL AND ALCOHOL BEING MADE MISCIBLE AND SOLUBLILIZED IN EACH OTHER BY A HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ALCOHOL HAVING 12 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS, SAID SOLUBILIZED COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF 20-50% OF THE OIL, 20-50% OF THE LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL AND 5-20% OF THE HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ALCOHOL, SAID PERCENTAGES BEING BY WEIGHT. 